Nutrient Pollution Causes, Impacts And Solutions

Nutrient Pollution in Our Waterways Causes, Impacts and Solutions James Gracie University of Maryland University College Environmental Change and Sustainability NSCI 362 Professor Dennis Whitford June 28, 2015 Nutrient pollution is responsible for hundreds of dead zones across the world’s oceans lakes and estuaries, and the number and size of them is growing. Many of these dead zones cover thousands of square miles where almost nothing lives (National Science Foundation, n.d., Worldwide Dead Zones section, para. 1). Nutrient pollution, also known as eutrophication occurs when nutrients, most commonly nitrogen and phosphorus, from industrial, agricultural, residential, and airborne sources enter the water in high concentrations. This process results in water that is too rich in nutrients. This in turn causes a chain of events that can cause widespread ecological damage to both aquatic ecosystems. In order to reduce nutrient pollution to sustainable levels and prevent a manmade ecological disaster, mankind must stem the flow of nutrients into our waterways by regulating the sources that contribute to it. To address the problem of eutrophication, the causes must first be understood. Most causes of eutrophication are well known and documented. One of the largest source contributors to the problem of eutrophication worldwide is the burning of fossil fuels, which releases nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere which are later deposited onto the ground and inShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Water Pollution1575 Words   |  7 PagesWater pollution is a serious environmental issue worldwide. 1 Water is one of the most valuable resources on our planet; having clean water is vitally important for our survival. Here in the United States, the Clean Water Act of 1972 was very successful in reducing point sources of water pollution; however, it has been ineffective in reducing nonpoint sources of water pollution (Manuel, 2014). Nitrogen and phosphorous that originate from agricultural sources, such as manure and inorganic fertilizerRead MoreFossil Fuels And Their Impact On The Environment862 Words   |  4 PagesFossil Fuels and Their Impact on the Environment The amount of fossil fuels being deposited into the air should be controlled. Not only do fossil fuels pose a threat to the environment, but also to human health. The problem is not only noticeable in the depletion of human health, but also in the air, water, and land. Emissions are a concerning contribution to other problems such as global warming and greenhouse gases as well. One of the major factors of fossil fuels are vehicles. VehiclesRead MoreEffects Of Propylene Glycol On Organ System Toxicity1256 Words   |  6 Pagescause skin irritation, allergy, and has been linked to organ system toxicity. There are concerns that Propylene Glycol can cause brain, liver, and kidney abnormalities. The chemicals that Clorox bleach contains are water, sodium hypochlorite, sodium chloride, coco-betaine, fragrance, sodium carbonate, sodium chlorate, sodium hydroxide, sodium [olyacrylate, and sodium xylene sulfonate. Sodium hypochlorite has several short term potential health risks such as causing irritation and burns when inRead MoreEmissions Trading Scheme Essay1538 Words   |  7 PagesThe New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (NZ ETS) is about the environment protect and punishing pollution. ETS is except the agriculture, but agriculture is occupy the half emissions. The article discusses the agriculture should into the ETS and the reason for agriculture. Then, the influence and connect on technology. The suggestion for the environment change in the agriculture emissions. ETS The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (NZ ETS) is the government’s policy response about the climateRead MoreSan Mateo And San Juan Creek958 Words   |  4 PagesThe San Mateo creek has lots point source for pollution. I’ll be naming 2 examples. One example is â€Å"San Mateo Countywide Water Pollution Prevention Program,† also known as SMCWPPP. This source helps by reducing the amount of pollutants that enters the storm drain system. The staff at the program check the drain system for pollution or other sources of illegal dumping. The staff also go to the public and talk about how to reduce the stormwater pollution. Stormwater has lots of pollutants, such as oilRead MoreProblem, Solution and Barrier Paper1555 Words   |  7 Pages1 Remediating Agricultural Water Contamination: Problem, Solution, and Barriers Paper Student Name COMM 2367 MWF 9:10 Instructor Name September 29, 2012 REMIEDIATING AGRICULTURAL WATER CONTAMINATION Remediating Agricultural Water Contamination: Problem, Solution, and Barriers Paper Problem Concerns about water pollution are generally focused towards sources that are highly visible and chemically oriented. However, the greatest causes of water contamination and quantity abuse in the United StatesRead MoreThe Effects Of Indiana s Activities Impacting Ocean Life Through Nutrient And Sediment Pollution1227 Words   |  5 Pagesocean life through nutrient and sediment pollution. There is a multifarious number of reasons that could affect ocean life, even in Indiana, which one will discuss throughout this report. One will describe sediment runoff, the management of pollution, and even soil erosion. All of these interesting topics lead to the reason Indiana has a slight but affective impact on the ocean. One main issue that could affect our local air quality and the oceans, is climate change (â€Å"Midwest Impacts Adaptation†)Read MoreThe Environmental Effect Of A Gas Refinery1322 Words   |  6 Pageswithin ecosystems. Also, the environmental effect that a petroleum refinery has around us to show why it causes so much pollution. Literature Review: Before even going into the review first it is needed to know, what is pH or what does it even mean? It is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution, high concentration of hydrogen ions and has a low pH (â€Å"What is pH?† n.d.). Solutions with low concentrations of hydrogen ions have a high pH. Rain has a pH of 5.6. Main pollutants are responsibleRead MoreThe Ways Of Non Point Source Pollution During The Great Lakes991 Words   |  4 Pagessource pollution in the Great Lakes †¢ Atmospheric precipitation Many contaminants settle out of the atmosphere, such as acid rain, the pollutants and nutrients will transport from distant places by air depositing into the lake as the form of rain. The first pollutants as atmospheric deposition on the Great Lakes were phosphorus. It is found that about 20 percent phosphorus entering Lake Michigan comes from the atmosphere by determination of rain, snow and dust. Since phosphorus pollution generatedRead MoreMarine and Coastal Ecosystems Degradation Essay1314 Words   |  6 Pagesremains as one of the important natural resource capital of many nations. The numerous benefits (food, climate regulation, nutrients recycling, etc) particularly the quality of life derived from marine and coastal areas have raised global concern for the adoption of sustainable strategies that will ensure the existence of marine and coastal areas in its natural state with less impact caused by externalities. The natural structure and function of coastal marine ecosystems are faced with a lot of environmental

Tracy Foote Week Three Discussion Questions Free Essays

David Rivers MKT/421 Tracy Foote Week Three Discussion Questions †¢Select a product with which you are familiar. What stage is this product at in the product life cycle? Provide rationale for your answer. The chose Apples IPhone and currently it is the Maturity phase of the product life cycle. We will write a custom essay sample on Tracy Foote Week Three Discussion Questions or any similar topic only for you Order Now The IPhone is very popular and is often copied or remanufactured to look like and perform the same as the original. Apple is creating new features, products, and apps to allow users to do a lot more than ever before. Based on your knowledge of the product life cycle, what types of changes will occur to this product as it continues through the product life cycle? Apple is going to face tough competition as it tries to hold on to market share and maintain revenue. How will this affect marketing of the product? Once the IPhone it the market it took off like a rocket. The market wanted to get it in the action and flooded the market with so-called smartphones. It is my opinion that Apple will have to reduce the price of the phone and better serve the its customers with continued upgrades and apps. †¢Select a product or service. Then, select three different organizations that provide your selected product or service and compare the prices associated with it. What is the difference between the prices among the different organizations? What is the rationale for this difference? The IPhone, the Verizon HTC phone, and the Windows phone are in the ballpark as far as price goes, the difference will be in the plans selected to run each phone. Each of the competitors is trying to build a better mousetrap and price out the competition. However, technology is not cheap and the cost reduction will have to occur somewhere in the manufacturing process for one company to surpass the rest. How to cite Tracy Foote Week Three Discussion Questions, Essay examples

My Quinceanera Essay Sample free essay sample

Observing a quinceanera was non merely about holding a large party but besides a tradition that helped determine me into the individual I am today. To about all adolescent misss what comes to mind when they think or hear about a quinceanera is the party. They imagine the frock. the limousine. the tremendous response hall and the dance. Problem is ; that most eager birthday misss including myself. it takes the whole experience to truly understand how symbolic and meaningful the jubilation truly is. Although it may merely be a large fifteenth birthday party to some misss but. for me it was an oculus opening learning experience. A quinceanera is the jubilation of a immature woman’s coming of age. In the Spanish linguistic communication â€Å"quince† means 15. the age that a Hispanic miss becomes a adult female. The term quinceanera refers to both the immature adult female and the name of the jubilation. We will write a custom essay sample on My Quinceanera Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This jubilation is composed of two every bit of import events. One event is a mass that is specially organized and decorated for the quinceanera. The 2nd event is a party that is made possible by the parents of the birthday miss and sometimes patrons. Patrons are normally household members and friends who financially help the parents make the party a success. The quinceanera is usually spoiled with an amazing frock and tiara because it their twenty-four hours to reflect and be the centre of attending. I can clearly retrieve go toing many quinceaneras when I was younger. The birthday misss ever looked so beautiful. happy and grown up. Their response halls overruning with alone and astonishing ornaments. I remember that everything looked and felt surreal. It was so fairytale like and they were the princesses. and at that age what girl didn’t want to experience or look like one. It is rather memorable to me that I would continuously supplicate my parents to let me to hold my ain. yet I was merely eight at the clip and still had some clip to travel. There was a pink notebook with violet butterflies that I would compose out precisely how I wanted my party to be. Every item was included. whether it was the nutrient that was traveling to be served to the people that I wanted to be my patrons because I knew my household could neer afford a party of that size. Then. when I eventually turned 14 the planning started. Since my household couldn’t afford everything on their ain. I remember sing friends and household to inquire them if they were able to patronize my quinceanera. Most people merrily agreed while others offered their aid on their ain. I focused on everything to be so perfect. non that I think of it. everything seems more mercenary than anything. My tiara had to be large and glistening. the places ; silky and dazzling and the frock ; sparkly and elegant. My make-up had to be unflawed and my hair perfect. the bar and response hall had to be attractively decorated. To sum it up. everything had to be amazing. shiny and unmarred. However. when the twenty-four hours eventually came it did non experience as fairy tale like and I had expected. That twenty-four hours I awoke early for brand make-up and hair to be done. so rapidly sit off in my limo for the twenty-four hours to church. The mass went good but one time it was over my tribunal and I headed to the response hall. Once at that place. I noticed about five 100 people. friends and household from all over California and the U. S. Then once it was clip for the male parent girl dance. alternatively of care foring that minute we talked about minor party inside informations. By 12am one time the party was over and everything was acquiring cleaned up I felt relieved that the twenty-four hours had eventually concluded. However. merely like I explained how my quinceaneras unfolded was how it really was. event after even and I neer felt the flicker I had imagined as a kid. For a little minute I felt like a princess but non like I believed it would wholly experience . Then that dark. as I thought about my quinceanera. I realized all the small inside informations that composed my jubilation. My parents had to take out loans and spent a great trade of clip planning and doing certain everything turned out how I wanted it to be. The patrons that helped me merely did it because they knew how much I wanted my quinceanera and they wanted to see me happy on my twenty-four hours. All my household that had traveled a long distance had done it for me and to be able to observe my birthday with me. While I put off my frock and tiara I realized that it was clip to appreciate the fantastic household and community that surrounded me. Besides. that I will ever hold my parents love and back up in the determinations I make. Last. that it was clip to turn up. I was no longer a princess. I was a adult female and I had to move like one. Having my quinceanera was non merely about the party I had but the lessons and disclosures that came with it. I learned that I have a strong community and household environing me. who will ever be available in times of demand. Besides. being mercenary will merely do you happy for a period of clip but in order to be content one must be low and appreciate the small things in life.

Monitor Marketing Strategies and Tactics BBQfun

Strategies and tactics used to monitor and implement the promotional activities BBQfun is a leading chain store organization in Brisbane. Due to the level of market saturation, and hence competition, it aims to expand its operations and market share alike, through a marketing strategy that has been formulated by its management (Kotler, Adams, Brown Armstrong 2005).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Monitor Marketing Strategies and Tactics: BBQfun specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has put the necessary mechanisms in place with an aim of achieving its goals and these include facilitation for payments through the introduction of convenient payment plans. In doing this, the organization has automated its stores to enable the customers pay their bills at their own convenience. Therefore, other than carrying cash wherever they go, customers will be able to use credit cards and visa cards to pay for their shopping. As a means of implementing the promotional activities of their wide range of products, the organization chose to reduce the prices of the essential goods while maintaining the quality of these products. This not only increased sales of the specific goods but also created awareness to the customer on the availability of the other goods. The company has also ventured into advertisements as this notifies the current and target markets on the existence of new products (Kotler et al. 2005). Monitoring has been done on the various methods of advertisements. The costs incurred in each of them has been analysed and compared with the returns. A promotion strategy yet to be laid out is the broadband roll out. This aims at cutting down the advertisement costs and reaching more people. Another strategy that is being used to monitor these activities is the launching of the loyalty programme. This has enabled the management to keep in touch with consumers and get their feedback on the products. The organization has also chosen to use market displays in promoting the products and also opted to collaborate with other industries in the joint- industry wide promotions. All these strategies are specifically targeted at introducing existing goods to new markets. They are also used for introducing new goods to current markets.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Strategies and tactics being used to monitor product, pricing and distribution decisions In keeping track of the products and their prices, the organization has strategized on market research. This has helped them in evaluating the market needs and the market prices for competing products. In offering quality products at lower prices, the organization opted to outsourcing as a strategy since it would cost less to import similar goods as compared to manufacturing. The major challenge, however, on outsourcing was the comp romise in quality contrary to their agreement with the supplier. As a means of lowering the product prices, the organization is further venturing into internet marketing. This will not the affect product prices and so will keep their prices low. Another strategy that the organization plans to use is branding. In increasing their sales, they are planning to display the country of origin of these items on each of them. This will give the customers an opportunity to compare similar products of different origins and give feedback on their preference. In making distribution decisions they rely on market research and decide on which products to be taken in which areas basing on the demand. Also through their loyalty programme, they are able to contact customers and get their views on a given product. Monitoring of marketing results against targets in the marketing plan The marketing results for the just concluded financial year are a reflection of the targets that were set for the period. The marketing department is a solid team that has not been cowed by threats posed by competitors. The main contributors to the combined growth in sales were the BBQs, accounting for 40% of the sales. The outdoor furniture was also influential, contributing 35% of the sales. The BBQ consumables settled the remaining 25% of the sales. The expansion of the business will play a significant role in increasing the sales volume. The increased sales volume will lower the average cost per unit and hence lead to an increased profit margin. This will be vital for the implementation of the guarantee offered to clients.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Monitor Marketing Strategies and Tactics: BBQfun specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In marketing, it is important that clients timely receive after sales services pledged by the company. Research has indicated that honouring of pledges made to clients is an important marketing tool (Ferrell Hartline 2010). It is observed that there is an increase in the contribution of sales from BBQ consumables. This is very important to the chain stores given that the marketing strategy targets clients visiting the stores in pursuit of consumables. The recently launched program aiming at enhancing customer loyalty is bound to hit faster with increasing sales from consumables. This will attract a number of customers and hence, a vital tool for monitoring progress made by the marketing team. Monitoring of marketing revenue and costs against budget The costs for marketing of BBQfun have increased in the recent years. It is noted that, in the last financial year, a total of $290,000 went into marketing. Advertising over the radio took a significant share; having received up to $70,000. The remaining $220,000 was spent on other means of product promotion. This was indeed an increase in expenses given that a majority of the product promotion tools were being used for the fir st time. There was a significant increase in revenue for the chain stores. This is attributed to the aggressive marketing that was carried out by the marketing department. The vibrant marketing strategy facilitated the creation of greater awareness for products offered by BBQfun. It is noted that the loyalty program alone, created 70% product awareness in Brisbane. This was significant in increasing the sales which in return ensured that the chain stores still earned a considerable increment in revenue. This was important given that a number of marketing tools that were employed had not been catered for in the previous financial year’s budget.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Variations in revenue and costs against budget Analysis of the latest IBIS report for the chain industry reveals the need for care in strategy execution. There is a general increase in unemployment and the interest rates are also scaling higher. These are serious issues which are bound to affect budgetary allocations for the current and future financial years. The revenues will be negatively affected by the higher interest rates since the costs will be going up. On the other hand, unemployment will lower the purchasing power and hence an overall decrease in revenue. Conclusion BBQfun is a fast growing chain store. In order for it to go nationwide, there is a need for greater investment in marketing. The current marketing strategy has been instrumental in achieving the significant growth that has so far been registered. It is, however, important that the chain store adopts a new marketing strategy, geared at driving the company towards nationwide operation. References Ferrell, OC Ha rtline, M 2010, Marketing Strategy, Cengage Learning, Connecticut. Kotler, P, Adams, S, Brown, Armstrong, G 2005, Principles of Marketing, 3rd edition, Prentice Hall, New Jersey. This report on Monitor Marketing Strategies and Tactics: BBQfun was written and submitted by user Aarav Gray to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

New York State essays

New York State essays New York State was named after the English Duke of York who later became King James II of England, The nickname Empire State came from George Washington, who boldly claimed New York would become the seat of a new empire. New York is located in the northeastern part of the United States. New Yorks northern border is Canada and The Saint Lawrence River. New Yorks eastern borders are Vermont, Connecticut and Massachusetts. New Jersey and Pennsylvania make up New Yorks southern border. New Yorks western border is not land but bodies of water and they are Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. New Yorks land regions are the Appalachians and the Central Plains. The motto of New York is Excelsior, which means ever upward. In 1784 George Washington called New York the Seat of the Empire. New Yorkers work hard to live up to their motto and made New York State the national leader that it is. The first symbol I have listed for New York is the state bird, which is the bluebird. The bluebird has a red breast area and in the 1950s it was rarely seen, but today the bluebird is seen much more often. The flag of New York was adopted in 1778, it has the state coat of arms reproduced in the center of a dark blue field. Above the shield is an eagle on a globe and below the coat of arms is the motto Excelsior. The state tree is the sugar maple, which produces a sweet sap for syrup and sugar. The sugar maple has a crown of leaves that get bright in autumn. The wood of the sugar maple makes great firewood and furniture. The rose is the state flower of New York. Four major landforms of New York are the Adirondack Mountains, the Saint Lawrence Valley, the Coastal Plains, and the Allegheny Plateau. The Adirondack Mountains are located in the most northern part of New York. The Saint Lawrence Valley stretches along the border of the state at the foot of the Adirondacks. The ...

Analysis of the Film Psycho

The movie Psycho is a story about a woman named Jaine Leigh named Marion Crane. The movie starts with a bedroom scene where Marion starts talking about her future with her lover Sam. After a short encounter with Sam, she returned to work and was exposed to $ 40,000 in cash. With such huge money, Marion ran away with money; this meant that she wanted to run away with Sam and they could start again. Along the way, she stopped at the motel, became the site of her murder, and is about to explore more sites. Alfred Hitchcock writes a journal article on the analysis of movie 'psychology'. This is argued as one of the great pictures as one of the psycho film's attractions. I will explain the specific technique Hitchcock used to give the audience a sense of tension and create a suspense. With low budget, very basic special effects, black and white photography, Alfred Hitchcock 's psychology still overcome pending issues and competed with today' s big hit. For many years many people have begu n to believe that despite myriad scientific research, psychodynamic concepts and treatments are not as effective as other treatments. However, in Shedler (2010), as the misunderstanding of the concept of psychodynamics and the ineffectiveness of treatment was retirement of a graduate medical institution to train non-doctors and non-doctors, mainly due to dislike of mental health professionals I assert that. Take a disqualified position Alfred Hitchcock 's psychology directed movie analysis psychology (1960) is based on Robert Bloch novel of the same name. The film is overseen by Hollywood legend Alfred Hitchcock. The script is written by Joseph Stephano and is based on real crime of serial killer Ed Gein. Movie stars Janet Rey, Anthony Perkins, John Gavin and Vera Meyers. This film has been nominated for four academic awards and is widely recognized as one of Hitchcock's best films. It produced two sequels, Psycho by Alfred Hitchcock. One of the operational themes presented to audie nces at Psycho is the opposite of good and evil. This can be seen in various roles through movies. You can also get an example from a conflict in a role. Some contradictions, how the characters deal with them, and how each other shapes the structure of the movie. The concept of characters that audiences receive depends on various people throughout the film.

Explicit and Implicit Costs on Firms in an Efficient Informational Essay

Explicit and Implicit Costs on Firms in an Efficient Informational Environment - Essay Example Implicit costs are costs that are not directly paid for but measured in units of money. These costs are the costs of non purchased inputs which are not purchased in a market transaction but they have cash value. Implicit costs occur when a firm uses its capital, inventories or owner's resources. Goodwill is also a good example of implicit cost. The term of efficiency assumes an informational dimension here, which refers to productive efficiency that it high lights the development of informationally efficient finncial markets.In fact, these markets not only consist of the usual attributes of financial market- notably a large number of investors who have a interst of effective access in to the rich necessary information, but also the important additional assets that have ending points of well defined certain value. It is the most important question faced by economists todays to what extent firms incorporate their environmental information for achieving market efficiency. In this era of Information Technology, information is the key factor to evaluate a firm's stock price as well as its ultimate value.Investors, customers and all other stakeholders need all necessary information to take proper decision regarding investment, trading etc.So a firm should decide to disclose proper information to reach its ultimate goal. Part 02: Measuring a Firm's costs and its goal of Profit Maximization Measuring A Firm's Costs (Opportunity Costs): Economists consider the opportunity costs of all resources of a firm to calculate its costs whether they are paid or not. Opportunity cost is of any action is the highest valued alternative foregone. Opportunity cost of a firm is the value of the firm's best alternative use of resources. Opportunity costs includes both explicit and implicit costs, and it is known as economic cost which is our concern. So economic cost indicates to the value of all resources used to produce a good or service, whether the resources are paid or unpaid. Economic cost = Opportunity Cost= Explicit cost + Implicit Cost = Total cost of a Firm. We have discussed in the introductory part about explicit and implicit costs. Explicit cost is directly paid in money whereas implicit cost is the value of resources used even when no direct monetary payments are made to these resources. Implicit cost is incurred when a firm gives up an alternative action. For example, when a firm uses its own capital, and/or uses its' owner's resources, implicit costs are incurred. So there are two main aspects of a firm's implicit cost: i)The cost of a firm's own capital: If a firm

Conduct a rhetorical analysis of Krishnas replay to Arjuna in The Essay

Conduct a rhetorical analysis of Krishnas replay to Arjuna in The Bhagavad Gita - Essay Example Is it morally right to claim victory over this? As a philosophical poem, Bhagavad-Gita does not provide simple answers to this problem. The story acts as an equipment for the living which rotates on cycle of birth and death. This is because, the philosophy provides some aspect of life which cuts across the universe. Krishna uses dialogue to communicate the Hindu teachings to Arjuna. Arjuna had lost all his will among the Kauravas whereby he was fighting against his family members Johnson, Kathryn Ann. Ethical responsibility is demonstrated here. He favored his family members while in the battlefield. This brings out the tone of being loving and mindful about his own culture and his family. We can call all these as ethic of Divinity, Ethic of community and ethic of autonomy. In conclusion, the rhetoric analysis of this book brings out the tone of war and its cultural aspect. It also brings out the persona and the figurative language used to bring out a concreate message of the Indian

Reading assignment Essay Example for Free

Reading assignment Essay The common house mouse, Mus musculus, is a model organism for human diseases. As such, it has been recently utilized in QTL mapping to see which genes may contribute disproportionately to disease states. Unfortunately, because of its high rate of inbreeding and bottleneck effect when it was first developed as a model organism, it displays a high level of linkage disequilibrium such that QTLs can span 20-40 cM, containing hundreds of genes. This is a problem on two levels: One, while this resolution is great relative to the â€Å"double crossovers† of Morgan’s flies, it leaves much to be desired in terms of quickly discovering traits that contribute to disease states. Two, using inbred lines such as mouse decreases verisimilitude—we’re trying to see how diseases work in humans, we should use animals with same genetic variance as humans. This is especially relevant because mice colonized the world with humans, and as such may show similar patterns of gene evolution and population structure. These authors found that QTL maps can be made to the resolution of 1 cM (about 100 kB in M. musculus) by using the wild conspecifics of these lab mice. In doing so, they also found that wild mice have much lower rates of LD, comparable to humans. They do show a lot of homozygosity, which the authors attribute to some inbreeding and previous bottlenecks. The authors suggest that using wild mice to develop finer mapping resolution for QTLs, especially because they can use the same SNPs that they use for laboratory mice. That is to say, we can use the same tools available to us in lab mice on wild mice for experiments more relevant to populations of humans, as opposed to individuals. Questions: 1) Wild mice have a lot of homozygosity. Would wild mouse populations (new world field mice, etc. ) show less homozygosity, and can we use them in these experiments when homozygosity somehow impedes the resolution of the mapping? 2) The text keeps saying that African populations are in a state of high linkage disequilibrium, and I’m assuming it is because they are in reproductive isolation. If mice are commensal with Africans as they are with other human populations, do they exhibit the same LD? Can we then use them as a model to look at disease states and disease traits in Africans?

Freud and Hedda Gabler: The Wolf Behind the Protagonist Essay -- Liter

From its very creation until now; civilization has been at odds with the fundamental human instinct. While civilization is just a mechanism used to control the human instinct and place an order so a broader society can function; the basic human is far from controlled. Sigmund Freud in ‘From Civilizations and Its discontents’ suggest that nothing can really control human instinct but rather deter it from its ‘homo homini lupus’(Freud, 1697) nature which translates into man is a wolf to man. This ‘homo homini lupus’ form of instinct suggest a more aggressive side of humans with the tendencies of not interacting with people but merely using people. Henrik Ibsen, through his use of the character Hedda Gabler, illustrates Sigmund Freud’s homo homini lupus form of instinct and uses that as a means of drawing out of the flaws of civilization at large. Henrik Ibsen always had the persistent theme of placing that one character within the setting that did not fit into the natural societal confines. This was done as a way of showing that what society or civilization was placing upon the people was unjust and unlike a natural human trait. Hedda Gabler, through her exhibition of homo homini lupus or what Sigmund Freud asserts as the natural human instinct, is the fulfillment of Ibsen’s one character theme. Her aggressiveness toward and utilization of others is a prime example of this societal exclusion and a primarily natural use according to Sigmund Freud. One such character that Hedda is constantly using is her newly-wed husband, George Tesman. Though Tesman loves her greatly and married her for the usual reasons (love, etc.) Hedda’s reasons are quite different. She marries Tesman for only selfish reasons; an example of this would be wh... ...her instinct. Hedda was able to break away from the one thing civilization was trying to control. Freud suggests that â€Å"the time comes when each one of us must give up as illusions the expectations†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Freud, 1697). This implying that at the end of every illusion comes the realization that the expectation is meaningless when conforming to the civilization is just as pointless in achieving. Hedda had the expectation of financial riches but due to the ennui of the civilization at hand Hedda was inclined to escape in beauty or in Ibsen’s theme through the defiance of conformity. Works Cited Ibsen, Henrik. Hedda Gabler. 1890. The Norton Anthology of Western Literature. Lawall. [8th edition, vol.2, 1984]:1411-1466. Freud, Sigmund. From Civilization and Its Discontents. 1929. The Norton Anthology of Western Literature. Lawall. [8th edition, vol.2,1984]:1696-1699.

Acupuncture for Pain Management

Acupuncture for Pain Management Everyone at one point in his or her life has felt pain. Image if you had constant pain with no relieve in site. With acupuncture, relief is just a thin wire away. Scientists are not ready to admit that acupuncture works in pain management. However, studies have shown that acupuncture can modifies the perception of pain and how it is processed by the brain. Through neuroimaging and genomics, scientists can see the changes within the brain’s pain center. They have observed molecular changes in the nervous and immune system. Acupuncture has very few side effects, compared to side effects that one might receive from a management that uses drugs. Overall, one could say that acupuncture is the better choice for pain management. Acupuncture is one of the oldest healing practices in the world. There is recorded evidence that it can be dated back to 200 B. C. Acupuncture is one of the key components of the traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). (NCCAM1) It was widely used in China and Asian countries, until 1972 when acupuncture gained attention in the United States. In 1972, James Reston, a reporter traveling with President Nixon in China, had to undergo an emergency appendectomy. He was impressed with his post-operative pain relief consisting of acupuncture and upon his return to the United States, he wrote an article in the New York Times about his experience. Then in 1997, acupuncture was formally recognized as a mainstream medicine healing option. (UOMaryland) Acupuncture is described as a system of healing where the patient is treated by insertion of extremely thin needles into their body at specific points. It is a principle of Chinese medicine that works off your body’s energy called qi, which can be described as one’s life force, or energy. This energy flows through pathways called meridians and each meridian is attached to one organ or a group of organ to maintain proper flow of Qi. When there is a blockage of energy, illness and pain can happen. Insertion of extremely thin acupuncture needles into the precise point within the meridian can resolve balance and restore energy flow. nccam1) With classic Taoist philosophy, believes that illness is cause by imbalanced elements of yin and yang. Yin refers to material substance and yang is energy. When there is an imbalance between yin and yang, acupuncture helps restore balance. (Brit) All of our life we have been conditioned into believing that drugs and medication are the only relief for our aches, pains, and discomforts. Medication comes in two varieties, over the counter and prescription drugs. Over the counter drugs is w hat most people take for pain, rather than prescription drugs. The most common type of over the counter drugs is NSAID’s, some common names are Aleve, Ibuprofen, and Tylenol. To find out more about a drug and their side effects, you can look on line, read the package, or consult a physician desk reference (PDR). Take Aleve for example; it is for temporary relief of minor aches and pains and can temporary reduce a fever. Some common side effects are; constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, gas, headache, heartburn, nausea, stomach upset and stuffy nose. Also listed on the PDR for consumer’s page online are some severe side effects for Aleve: Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; trouble breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue; wheezing); bloody or black, tarry stools; change in the amount of urine produced; chest pain; confusion; dark urine; depression; fainting; fast or irregular heartbeat; fever, chills, or persistent sore throat; loss of appetite; mental or mood changes; numbness of an arm or leg; one-sided weakness; pale stools; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin; ringing in the ears; seizures; severe headache or dizziness; severe or persistent stomach pain or nausea; severe vomiting; shortness of breath; sudden or unexplained weight gain; swelling of the hands, legs, or feet; unusual bruising or bleeding; unusual joint or muscle pain; unusual tiredness or weakness; vision or speech changes; vomit that looks like coffee grounds; yellowing of the skin or eyes. (drugs. com) Acupuncture works off one’s own energy within the body to eliminate pain, without t he major side effect that drugs can produce. How acupuncture works is not entirely clear, but technology has allowed scientists it uncover pathways in the brain that respond to acupuncture. The number of meridians varies, ranging from 14 to 20 with at least 2000 acupuncture points. nccam1) One theory of many, suggest that acupuncture stimulates the nerve fibers that transmit to the brain and spinal cord, which activates the body’s central nervous system. This in turn releases hormones that make us feel less pain and improve overall health. (uofmary) Researchers are using genomic techniques to see what happens on a cellular level and the effects in the expression of genes involved in pain. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and megnetoencephalography (MEG) that are able to reveal areas of the brain that are affected during pain and show the impact of acupuncture. (nccam2) Dr. Vitaly Napadow, a Harvard Medical School neuroscientist, and his colleagues performed a research study on patient with carpal tunnel syndrome. This study used fMRI before and after acupuncture demonstrated that the brain responded to acupuncture with greater activation in the hypothalamus region of the brain and deactivation in amygdala, located deep in the temporal lobe of the brain. These areas of the brain are connected with long-term memory, emotions, behavior and the maintenance of persistent pain state. (nccam2) The FDA has had very few complications reported with the amount of people who receive acupuncture and the number of needles used. Some of the common side effects are minor bruising and forgotten needles. Fainting has also been reported as a side effect. With the use of single usage needle, infections are rare, but still a possibility. There are some but very rare cases of organ puncture. (AFP Article) Work Cited Unites States. Dept. of Heath and Human Services. Acupuncture: An Introduction. National Center For Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Aug. 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2011 United States. Dept. of Heath and Human Services. Acupuncture and Pain: Applying Modern Science to an Ancient Practice. Feb. 2010. Web. 11 Nov. 2011 Rosted, Palle. â€Å"Adverse Reactions after Acupuncture: A Review. † The Medical Acupuncture Web Page. Web. 12 Nov 2011. Williams, Craig. â€Å"Modern Pain, Ancient Solutions. † Acupuncture Today. Nov. 2011: Vol. 12, Issue 11. Web. 12 November 2011. Novella, Steven. â€Å"Acupuncture Does Not Work for Back Pain. † Science-Based Medicine. 13 May 2009. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. Novella, Steven. â€Å"Does Acupuncture Work or Not. † Neurologica Blog. 25 Sep. 2007. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.

Modern Youth Subculture Essay

Modern youth subcultures in the United States, Russia and Kyrgyzstan Culture –it is a certain whole system with its inner certainty of value-hierarchical relationships. There are a valuable dominant , or core of culture, and next to it a number of subcultural formations in any culture. The question arises(is) what the subculture is. It was assumed that subculture is a subsystem of the whole system of culture. But, there is no any well-established system of views on the appearance of subcultures nowadays. Every science interprets this concept and describes it from the point of their subject and methodology. Subculture usually a special case of culture in general. It is always different with its some localness and reticence to a certain extent, in varying degrees, is loyal to the value system of the dominant culture, although there are exceptions . Youth subculture is a special case of manifestations(display) of subculture in general. Epithet of â€Å"youth† immediately d efines a cultural niche that is occupied by people united on the principle of age. In this case, the age – an important demographic characteristics. The special psychology of age in culture is undeniably important, as it seriously influances the mentality and spirituality . Youth subculture is born and exists in connection with the specific needs of young people to socialize and at the same time to assert themselves actively. It was assumed(considered) that young people in the life of those rules and regulations, which were professed by their ancestors. Youth often characterized categorical judgments, perfectionism, rejection councils, their subordination existing burdens models of social development, they are characterized by dynamism, openness to the world, heightened emotionality, romantic aspirations, etc.. At the heart of youth subcultures there is a special way of relating to the world with its system of spiritual values. Youth subculture is a special way of life that is divided mainly living them directly or sympathizers. Youth subculture – it is nothing but a form of self-expression of young people, expression of their goals in life: to change the world, their life, refuse from the social canons, approve alternative life attitude in relation to the(with) pre-existing etc . Public opinions about the different kinds of youth subcultures are different. Some people imagine it as any unusual behaviors of youth social â€Å"deviation†, imitating the West,  idleness, and therefore subject to elimination. Others believe that young people are trying (let in somewhat exotic way) somehow to express himself, his attitude and say something about himself to society and because it borrows from its Western counterparts . Having considered the youth subculture â€Å"hip-hop† in Russia and Kyrgyzstan, we can conclude that almost everything about this subculture, including its â€Å"language† is really borrowed from subcultures â€Å"hip-hop†which is originated USA. Subculture itself â€Å"hip-hop† includes murals – graffiti, unique in its plasticity dance – break dane, sports style dress and musical direction – rap (note that all three words – graffiti, rap and break dane – are also borrowed ). Hip-hop was the first music that best embodies(describes) the ideology and identity of contemporary African-American culture. Over the last decade within this subculture there has been formed its own fashion, significantly different from the traditional fashion of the white population, its own jargon and cultivated accentuation. It may illustrate many examples. –   Befo I came up in the game these hoes didn’t show no love (From the so ng Mike Jones â€Å"Back Then†). Befo – before (as before). – I don’t know bout cha (Usher & Alicia Keys â€Å"My boo†). Cha – from  «you ».it is pronounced and written in this way, when there is a word before this word and ends with consonant â€Å"t†. Bout – ob, about (of about). Boo – boy (man) / girlfriend. – It’s getting hot in herre (songs of Nelly â€Å"Hot in herre†). – These hoes wouldn’t give a damn if i heah   (From the song Mike Jones â€Å"Back Then†). Herre / Heah – here (from here), pronounced  «her ». –   I wish I was lil bit taller   (Song of Skee-Lo â€Å"I wish†). Lil-(from) -1) is a small, small (about the size) Small, 2) a little bit. –   I could take in ya. Shorty I could take you there. Shorty come with me it’s no worry (From the song Sean Kingston â€Å"Take you there†). Shorty – girl (diminutives – baby, mainly used to refer to girls). Ya, Ye – you (you). There are a lot of such examples, they are all vividly illustrate the specialty of (features) American â€Å"hip-hop† slang and are actively studied by modern linguists. The Russian â€Å"hip-hop† Slang is no less interesting , abounding adapted loanwords from English. – chops good muddies †¦ (Quote from a forum respecta.net / forum / index.php? Showtopic = 4225). Chops (from the English – beat) – rhythm, beat, beat. –   braza, you are wrong (Quote from a forum www.mtg.ru/forums/mymagic/topic99360.html). Braz (from the English. – Brother) – brother. – . he never returned my cache, now no one ever loan   (Quote from a forum forum.kingclub.ru / index.php? Action == printage; topic = 2502.0). Cache (from the English. – Cash) – money, cash. – Center – hope rurepa †¦ (Quote from a forum respecta.net / forum / index.php? Showtopic =: 3433). Rurep (from the English. – â€Å"Russian rap†) – Russian rap. –   I just wanted to say that we should not measure success Hayter   (Quote from a forum izhhop.udm.ru/hip-hop/forum/archive/index.php/t- 541.html) Hayter (from the English. – Hater) – hater. Youth subcultures are the areas in which the influence of the cultures and languages ​​of other countries play an important role. From the examples above we can conclude that the Americanisms â€Å"hip-hop† Slang influence Russian very much, and today it is impossible to imagine the existence of hip-hop culture in Russia and Kyrgyzstan without them. Interaction and mutual influence of cultures and subcultures are an integral part of the modern globalized life. Young people, being one of the most active segments of society, use modern means of communication, the possibility of unlimited access of information and the possibilities to borrow all the latest fashion trends in music, fashion, manner of communication and lifestyle. The problem- to keep (sav e) the identity and uniqueness of cultures and cultural diversity will remain as a relevant in this situation.

How the Puritans Differed from the Pilgrims

How the Puritans Differed from the Pilgrims The Puritans and the Pilgrims were two significant immigrant groups who moved from England to America in the 1600s. Both groups existed in England at a time when the country underwent a break with Catholicism. Following this break with the Catholic Church, The Church of England was established and every Englishman was required to acknowledge its authority.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How the Puritans Differed from the Pilgrims specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This new state of affairs led a group of religious people to seek immigration to the New World so that they could exercise their religious freedoms. Thus in the early 1600s, the Pilgrims and the Puritans headed left England for America out of religious considerations. This paper will highlight the major differences between the Puritans and the Pilgrims. The most significant difference between the two groups is that while the Pilgrims desired a separation of church and state, the Puritans only wanted to purify the Church of England from within. The pilgrims did not want to belong to the Church of England and they took to holding meetings in barns and homes. These separatists formed their own religious rules and traditions (Velm 83). Because of this, the King of England persecuted the Separatists. These pilgrims therefore moved to America, which was viewed as a place where they could have the freedom to worship the way they wanted. The Puritans on the other hand viewed did not seek a separation from the English establishment and only wanted to carry out reforms to remove corruption from the church. The Puritans emigrated to the New World since they were persecuted in their attempts to instigate reforms in the Church of England.  The two groups also differed in their perception of God. The Puritans deemed religion as a guideline for everyday living and God was regarded as a strict supernatural being who ruled over all. The Puritans laid great emphasis on spirituality and members of this group had great biblical knowledge (Conforti 190). Owing to their concern for Christian purity, the Puritans were strict in their way of life. Conversely, the Pilgrims had a more accommodating perception of God who was viewed as a benevolent and lenient ruler who could forgive easily. The pilgrims had a more liberal approach to worship and religion and little emphasize was made on spirituality. The Pilgrims way of life was more tolerant and it did not have many restrictions.  The other difference between the two groups is that while the Pilgrims emphasized on individual righteousness before God, the Puritans were committed to corporate righteousness. The Pilgrims were in favor of a strong separation between the church and state and for this reason; they were regarded radical rebels (Velm 83).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To this group, each person was accountable for his or her own actions to God and corporate righteousness was unbiblical. The Puritans on the other hand supported corporate worship and deemed the state as integral to the perpetration of religion. The Puritans were of the opinion that the role of the government was to enforce Gods laws. The Puritans and the Pilgrims played a major role in the development of the American colonies. This paper set out to articulate the difference between the two groups. To this end, it has documented that the major difference was that the Pilgrims were Separatists while Puritans wanted to purify the Church of England. In spite of their differences, the two groups move to the New World where they were able to practice the religious freedoms they did not enjoy in England. Conforti, Joseph. Imagining New England: Explorations of Regional Identity from the Pilgrims to the Mid-Twentieth Century. Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 2001. Print. Vel m, Greg. Wiley AP U.S. History. NY: John Wiley Sons, 2012. Print.

Permit Processing on Mercer Island Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Permit Processing on Mercer Island - Essay Example demonstrates work reengineering, continuous improvement, strategic development and effective decision making; which are geared towards realization of customer satisfaction (Evan, 2006). Effective Public Administration policies should be embraced by the city’s manager; and this entails implementing proper national and local government policies and programs (Judith, 2006). The concept also prepares the employees of the city to offer proper services in order to maximize customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction levels for a local government like The Mercer City involves five basic stages; organizational analysis level, business environment scanning, clear performance expectations, existence of an action plan for guiding performance improvement, and staff involvement if the planning process. Service delivery performance of a local government depends positively on good stakeholder attitude in the planning process. This paper aims at identifying the challenges experienced by all stakeholders in permit processing system involving contraction activities and building renovations. The paper also aims at finding the most appropriate methods of overcoming the challenges. This leads to a comfortable work environment for employees as permit processing has been made easier and direct to work on; and the remedies ensure increased customer service expectations. The theoretical knowledge applied in this research paper was extracted from the second chapter, Major Performance Challenges, of Performance and Productivity in Public and Nonprofit Organizations 2nd edition; this in addition to the case study on Permit Processing on Mercer Island. Organizations, including local authorities like Mercer Island City, face challenges in offering services to the clients or customers. Major Performance Challenges aims at identifying these challenges; and then deciding on the most effective and efficient method of overcoming them. The main aim of overcoming or solving the challenges is

Effects of economic and political climates on current higher education Essay

Effects of economic and political climates on current higher education - Essay Example Various factors of politics, economy and regulatory developments do have an impact on institutions of higher learning. Most issues are above the control of the national higher education community and the individual institutions. In response to these changes, institution budgeters must respond accordingly to the anticipatory changes in political and economic conditions that may have an effect on the amount of revenue that is available. In addition, of equal importance, they must put into consideration the pressures that are being exerted by the external forces on the institution of higher learning before its survival is put in jeopardy. Economic climate Institutions dealing with higher education are stable partly due to the mission and role that they have in the society and the way they are operated their activities and management. Despite this, the current financial issues in various ways are affecting the institutions of higher learning (Solt 2008, pp.48–60). Economic changes have significantly affected the higher institutions of learning since the beginning of 1990’s. In respect to this, changes seen in the national government support for higher education have been accompanying the turmoil of the economy. Today, the institutions of higher learning are no longer enjoying the high ranking that they used to on the societal agendas, local, state and national talks. Resources that were previously directed to higher education are captured by other sectors of the government.